You can perform a DIY energy audit to identify opportunities to make your home more energy-efficient and save on your monthly utility bills. This simple process allows you to evaluate your home’s energy usage and uncover areas where improvements can be made.
If you prefer a professional audit, we’ve also provided resources to help you locate certified energy auditors in your area as this is not a service MVEA provides. Whether you choose to do it yourself or work with a professional, a home energy audit is a great first step in improving your home’s efficiency and lowering your energy costs.
Why Perform a Home Energy Audit?
A home energy audit helps you identify where and how energy is being lost in your home. By addressing these areas, you can improve energy efficiency, lower your electricity bills, and reduce your carbon footprint. Whether you’re looking to make small improvements or large upgrades, a DIY audit will give you the information you need to get started.
What You’ll Need
To perform a basic DIY home energy audit, you won’t need any specialized equipment. However, a few tools can help make the process easier:
- A flashlight.
- A thermometer (or laser thermometer).
- A notepad and pen.
- Draft detector or a candle/incense stick to check air leaks.
-
1. Check for Air Leaks
Air leaks in your home can lead to wasted energy and increased heating and cooling costs. Walk around your home and inspect common areas where air leaks are often found:
- Windows and doors.
- Electrical outlets and switches.
- Baseboards and trim.
- Vents, fans, and chimneys.
Tip: Use a candle or incense stick near these areas. If the flame flickers or the smoke moves, it’s a sign of air leakage. Seal leaks with weatherstripping, caulk, or expandable foam.
2. Evaluate Insulation
Proper insulation keeps warm air inside in the winter and cool air inside in the summer. Check your attic and walls to see if your insulation is sufficient and in good condition. If you can see beams or gaps, you may need to add more insulation. Common areas to check include:
- Attic insulation.
- Wall insulation.
- Floor insulation in crawl spaces.
3. Inspect Your HVAC System
A well-maintained HVAC system is essential for energy efficiency. Check for any issues that may be causing the system to work harder than necessary:
- Replace or clean air filters regularly.
- Check for leaks in ducts or around vents.
- Make sure registers and vents are not blocked by furniture or curtains.
- Have your system professionally inspected annually.
4. Examine Windows and Doors
Windows and doors are major sources of energy loss. Ensure that they are properly sealed and that weather-stripping is intact. Older windows may be drafty, so consider upgrading to energy-efficient models or using window coverings to improve insulation.
5. Evaluate Lighting and Appliances
Lighting and appliances account for a large portion of your energy consumption. Go through each room in your home and check:
- Replace incandescent bulbs with LED or CFL bulbs.
- Unplug electronics and appliances when not in use, or use smart power strips to reduce standby power.
- Make sure your refrigerator is running at the optimal temperature (between 35°F and 38°F) and the freezer at 0°F.
6. Check Your Water Heater
Water heaters can be a significant energy drain if not maintained properly. Check the temperature on your water heater thermostat. It should be set to 120°F to prevent overheating and save energy. Also, inspect the water heater for insulation—insulated pipes can help reduce heat loss and save on heating costs.
7. Test Your Home’s Temperature
Use a thermometer to test the temperature in different rooms of your home. Inconsistent temperatures may point to insulation or ventilation issues that need to be addressed.
8. Energy Usage Behavior
Pay attention to your own energy usage habits. Are you running the air conditioning or heating constantly? Do you leave lights on unnecessarily? Small changes in your daily behavior, such as turning off lights when you leave a room, can lead to big savings.
Once you’ve completed your audit, make a list of areas where you can improve. Focus on the changes that will have the most significant impact on your energy use. Here are some simple fixes you can consider:
- Sealing drafts: Caulk or weather-strip doors and windows to prevent air leaks.
- Upgrading insulation: Add insulation in your attic, walls, or floors if needed.
- Replacing old appliances: Consider upgrading to energy-efficient appliances or installing a programmable thermostat.
- Using LED lighting: Swap out incandescent bulbs for energy-efficient LEDs.